{"id":16109,"date":"2024-01-10T09:45:54","date_gmt":"2024-01-10T08:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sad-borg.82-223-8-23.plesk.page\/?p=16109"},"modified":"2024-09-10T23:14:53","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T22:14:53","slug":"cop28-between-historic-agreement-and-conflict-of-interest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xqthenews.com\/en\/cop28-between-historic-agreement-and-conflict-of-interest\/","title":{"rendered":"COP28: between historic agreement and conflict of interest"},"content":{"rendered":"

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)<\/a> is an international treaty that has sought to alleviate the climate crisis since 1994. With common premises, strategic lines and commitments, it establishes a global cooperation framework that includes 197 countries and the European Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Global Compact was born as one of the outcomes of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) – better known as the “Earth Summit” – held in 1992 in Brazil. This summit established the so-called “Rio Conventions”, consisting of three agreements: the United Nations Convention<\/a> on Biological Diversity, the Convention<\/a> to Combat Desertification and, the issue at hand, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)<\/a> – which entered into force in 1994 after receiving sufficient support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Large presence of the fossil fuel lobby<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Known as the “Conference of the Parties”, the COP<\/a> is an annual meeting of the UNFCCC’s Parties, where progress is showcased and policy directions for the environment are agreed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Each edition is christened in chronological order, and the COP28 was recently held in Dubai, where a historic framework was established: “progress must be made towards the abandonment of fossil fuels<\/a>”, the new text states. While this is an unprecedented event, it involved hours of negotiation overtime as countries, lobby<\/a> groups and activists with disparate positions confronted each other. UN<\/a> Secretary-General António Guterres pointed out<\/a> that “to those who opposed a clear reference to the phase-out of fossil fuels<\/a> in the COP28 text, I want to say that the phase-out of fossil fuels<\/a> is inevitable, whether they like it or not. Let’s hope it doesn’t come too late.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For Ecologistas en Acción<\/a>, the new text is <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

“a confusing wording that does not establish with the necessary clarity a <\/strong>differentiated end to fossil fuels <\/strong>in line with scientific indications”.<\/mark><\/h2>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The alleged historic breakthrough coincides with the record presence of the fossil fuel lobby<\/a> <\/strong>at this year’s COP<\/a>, according to the Kick Big Polluters Out report<\/a>. A total of 2456 representatives from this sector were accredited for the meeting. The study also notes that most of the registrants linked to fossil fuel lobbies are from the so-called “Global North” – major economic powers that emit large amounts of pollutants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Criticism of the attendance of pressure groups at the COP<\/a> is repeated year after year, and this time, the fact that the meeting was held in the largely oil-producing territory of Dubai, and that it was chaired by Sultan Al Jaber – the country’s Minister of Industry, but also CEO of ADNOC, the eighth largest oil company in the world – has been <\/strong>added to the list of criticisms. The Guardian<\/a> newspaper published that in an online meeting on 21 November, in the framework of the COP<\/a>, the president of the summit, Al Jaber, declared that “there is no science” <\/strong>that determines that giving up fossil fuels<\/a> is favourable to achieving the objective of limiting global warming<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These statements clashed head-on with the mission of the COP<\/a> itself, because for more than 450 environmental organisations “fossil fuel interests have invaded the UNFCCC <\/strong>and threaten its legitimacy”. In a joint letter<\/a> they issued before the meeting, they say that “no COP<\/a> overseen by a fossil fuel company executive can be considered legitimate. COP<\/a> presidencies must be free of any influence <\/strong>from fossil fuel companies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
The presence of activists is recurrent at the COP<\/a>, this year with special emphasis on the record presence of pressure groups related to fossil fuels<\/a>. Photo Property: UNclimatechange<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The science behind the need to move away from oil<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scientific evidence, however, is the strongest support for the goal of moving away from fossil fuels<\/a>. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)<\/a> is a panel of experts convened by the United Nations to assess the state of the science on climate change<\/a><\/strong>. In its 2023 synthesis report<\/a>, it states that “the burning of fossil fuels<\/a> and the unequal and unsustainable use of energy and land for more than a century have led to global warming<\/a> of 1.1°C above <\/strong>pre-industrial levels”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The objective of the Paris Agreement<\/a>, which was established in 2015 during the COP21 held in the French capital, is precisely to curb the increase in global warming<\/a> so that it does not exceed 1.5 ºC above pre-industrial levels. Regarding the need to stay within this limit, the IPCC report states that “drastic, rapid and sustained reductions in greenhouse gas emissions<\/a> <\/strong>in all sectors must be achieved.<\/strong> Emissions<\/a> should already have declined and will need to be reduced by almost half by 2030 if warming is to be limited to 1.5°C”.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Conference of the Parties (COP)<\/a> was held this year in Dubai, an oil-producing country, but it was this year’s COP<\/a> that included in the new text the desire to "leave fossil fuels<\/a> behind".<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":16161,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[451,409],"tags":[201,197],"coauthors":[143],"class_list":{"0":"post-16109","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-environment","8":"category-environmental-rights","9":"tag-emergencia-climatica-en","10":"tag-emergenza-climatica-en"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCOP28: between historic agreement and conflict of interest - xqthenews<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/xqthenews.com\/en\/cop28-between-historic-agreement-and-conflict-of-interest\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"COP28: between historic agreement and conflict of interest - 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